The following terms were used as descriptors: mattress and ergonomics, mattress and pain, mattress and vertebral column, mattress and sleep, mattress and quality of life.Īrticles were sourced by searching the databases using the search strategy, or by searching for “similar articles”. The selection of search terms was tailored to match the search tools of each database, using MeSH terms to search in the databases Science Direct, PsycINFO, EMBASE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Collaboration. The databases searched include the Cochrane Library, PubMed (Digital Biomedical Archives and Health Sciences of the US National Institutes of Health), Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus. Mattresses analysed in the studies examined by our research group have been classified according to the European Committee for Standardization (2000) as soft, medium-firm, extra-firm or customized to avoid supine decubitus. Studies carried out between 20 have been included in the current review. In this way, healthcare professionals will be able to recommend to patients the correct type of mattress to limit or avoid back pain symptoms, thus providing them with benefits in terms of life quality. Therefore, the aim of this review is to evaluate available studies so as to understand which mattresses can effectively reduce back pain or prevent its onset. Several studies in the literature aimed to assess which could be the best mattress to prevent back pain and improve sleep and life quality however, the lack of univocal findings suggests that additional research on this issue is warranted. However, such claims are not supported by enough evidence. Īn increasing number of companies are promoting their mattresses claiming that they might be able to improve sleep quality and quality of life as a consequence, pretending that their mattresses are “orthopaedic mattresses” with therapeutic properties. Mattress firmness seems to play a leading role as different studies show that medium-firm surfaces might effectively reduce pain in individuals complaining of back pain. Detrimental effects on health led us to analyse which mattress might act as a solution to these problems. Low back pain should be taken into consideration among factors that reduce sleep quality.Īlthough several studies acknowledge the significance of mattresses for sleep quality, there is no common agreement on the optimal design of a mattress to alleviate or prevent cervical or low back pain. A reduction in sleep hours or sleep quality inevitably has negative impacts on individuals’ health, as well as on life and mood quality. Īlthough optimal sleep duration is between 7 and 8 h per day, it has been highlighted that a reduction in sleeping hours has occurred, due to work habits or overall changes in lifestyle. In the past years, an increasing number of people have been complaining of sleep disorders. Human beings usually spend around a third of their lifetime sleeping, even though this enables individuals to satisfactorily exploit the remaining two-thirds of the day only if sleep was free from disturbances or interruptions. Results of this systematic review show that a medium-firm mattress promotes comfort, sleep quality and rachis alignment. A total of 39 qualified articles have been included in the current systematic review. Based on examined studies, mattresses were classified according to the European Committee for Standardization (2000) as: soft, medium-firm, extra-firm or mattresses customized for patients affected by supine decubitus. We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published until 2019, investigating the association of different mattresses with sleep quality and low back pain. Literature findings are discordant on the type of mattress that might prevent onset of back pain, resulting in an improved quality of sleep. Low back pain (LBP) has been identified as one of the main causes of poor sleep quality. Sleep disturbances are common: a meta-analysis on sleep quality showed that 15–30% of adults report sleep disorders, such as sleep onset latency (SOL), insufficient duration of sleep and frequently waking up at night. Energy spent during daily activities is recuperated by humans through sleep, ensuring optimal performance on the following day.
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